shujuxianshi，mianqianduirujingyoudecujinxiaoguoxianzhu。chunqiulvyoufuzongjinglizhouweihongciqianbiaoshi，zizhongguoduiduoguodanfangmianmianqianyilai，duirujingyoushichangqidaojijidetuidongzuoyong，ranglaizigengduokeyuandidejingwaiyoukenenggouyigengbianjiedefangshilaidaozhongguo。

　　name，fangpiaoanzhidaodiyiweizheshenme？jingjianzixunchuangshirenzhanghongweijieshicheng：jiandanlijiejiushiyigexiangmuyaochaiqian，bugeizhuhufenfangzi（shiwuanzhi），huozhijiemashangjinxinghuobibuchang（huobianzhi），ershigeidaoyizhangmianzhijibendengtongyuhuolvegaoyuhuobibuchangjinedezhipiao，yizaishichangshangmaifangzidifangkuan。zheyangkaifashangshoudaodebushixianjinershifangpiao，zhihouzaizhaoxiangguanzhengfubumenduixian。　　近些年我们也能看到这些举措，中国推出大规模减税降费政策，有不少是长期执行的制度性政策。比如为消除重复征税，营业税改为增值税；增值税基本税率从17%降至13%；个人所得税也通过扩大税率级距、增加专项附加扣除、提高起征点，实际降低了税负；城镇职工基本养老保险单位缴费比例降至16%等。

　(　)　(　)要(yao)解(jie)决(jue)这(zhe)一(yi)问(wen)题(ti)，(，)放(fang)松(song)税(shui)收(shou)征(zheng)管(guan)并(bing)非(fei)良(liang)策(ce)，(，)因(yin)为(wei)这(zhe)不(bu)仅(jin)涉(she)及(ji)税(shui)务(wu)机(ji)关(guan)工(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)员(yuan)渎(du)职(zhi)问(wen)题(ti)，(，)也(ye)影(ying)响(xiang)社(she)会(hui)公(gong)平(ping)，(，)毕(bi)竟(jing)各(ge)地(di)税(shui)务(wu)机(ji)关(guan)征(zheng)管(guan)力(li)度(du)不(bu)一(yi)，(，)将(jiang)影(ying)响(xiang)企(qi)业(ye)公(gong)平(ping)竞(jing)争(zheng)，(，)有(you)违(wei)全(quan)国(guo)统(tong)一(yi)大(da)市(shi)场(chang)构(gou)建(jian)。(。) 「今度の日曜日cあなた暇」と緑が僕に訊いた。　　jian-35deliangxianghejiaofu，duiyuzhongguohangmuzhandoulitishengyouzhezhongdayiyi。cankaomeiguohaijundeshiyongjingyan，F-35Cyinxingzhandoujishiquanqiumuqianweiyideyinxingjianzaizhandouji，duiqitaguojiadejianzaizhandoujigouchengdaichadejishuyoushi，dantadeneibudancangrongliangyouxian，jinnengxiedaiJSM zheleixiaochicunfanjiandaodan，shechengheweilidouxiangduiyouxian；erF/A-18E/F“chaojidahuangfeng”zhandoujisuiranmeiyouyinxingnengli，danwaiguaxingnengchuse，keyixiedaiLRASMzheyangdedaxingfanjiandaodanzhixingyuanchenggongjirenwu。yincitamenchengweimeiguohangmudajiqundangqianzuiyoulidezuhe——F-35jiezhuyinxingyoushifuzeqianyanqingbaoshouji、zhengduozhikongquannaizhichubu，“chaojidahuangfeng”yahoutigonghuolizhiyuanhefashedaxingfanjiandaodanfuze“zuihouyiji”。

　　中国名义税负一直高于实际税负。所谓名义税负是指企业名义上该缴纳的税费。由于征管、企业对税法理解等原因，实际上企业不一定足额缴纳法律意义上的税费。　(　)　(　)李(li)鹏(peng)新(xin)严(yan)重(zhong)违(wei)反(fan)党(dang)的(de)政(zheng)治(zhi)纪(ji)律(lv)、(、)组(zu)织(zhi)纪(ji)律(lv)、(、)廉(lian)洁(jie)纪(ji)律(lv)和(he)生(sheng)活(huo)纪(ji)律(lv)，(，)构(gou)成(cheng)严(yan)重(zhong)职(zhi)务(wu)违(wei)法(fa)并(bing)涉(she)嫌(xian)受(shou)贿(hui)犯(fan)罪(zui)，(，)且(qie)在(zai)党(dang)的(de)十(shi)八(ba)大(da)后(hou)不(bu)收(shou)敛(lian)、(、)不(bu)收(shou)手(shou)，(，)性(xing)质(zhi)严(yan)重(zhong)，(，)影(ying)响(xiang)恶(e)劣(lie)，(，)应(ying)予(yu)严(yan)肃(su)处(chu)理(li)。(。)依(yi)据(ju)《(《)中(zhong)国(guo)共(gong)产(chan)党(dang)纪(ji)律(lv)处(chu)分(fen)条(tiao)例(li)》(》)《(《)中(zhong)华(hua)人(ren)民(min)共(gong)和(he)国(guo)监(jian)察(cha)法(fa)》(》)《(《)中(zhong)华(hua)人(ren)民(min)共(gong)和(he)国(guo)公(gong)职(zhi)人(ren)员(yuan)政(zheng)务(wu)处(chu)分(fen)法(fa)》(》)等(deng)有(you)关(guan)规(gui)定(ding)，(，)经(jing)中(zhong)央(yang)纪(ji)委(wei)常(chang)委(wei)会(hui)会(hui)议(yi)研(yan)究(jiu)并(bing)报(bao)中(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)央(yang)批(pi)准(zhun)，(，)决(jue)定(ding)给(gei)予(yu)李(li)鹏(peng)新(xin)开(kai)除(chu)党(dang)籍(ji)处(chu)分(fen)；(；)由(you)国(guo)家(jia)监(jian)委(wei)给(gei)予(yu)其(qi)开(kai)除(chu)公(gong)职(zhi)处(chu)分(fen)；(；)收(shou)缴(jiao)其(qi)违(wei)纪(ji)违(wei)法(fa)所(suo)得(de)；(；)将(jiang)其(qi)涉(she)嫌(xian)犯(fan)罪(zui)问(wen)题(ti)移(yi)送(song)检(jian)察(cha)机(ji)关(guan)依(yi)法(fa)审(shen)查(zha)起(qi)诉(su)，(，)所(suo)涉(she)财(cai)物(wu)一(yi)并(bing)移(yi)送(song)。(。)

　　尽管中国并未采取集中清缴清欠税收等行动，但随着税收大数据广泛应用，网状、系统性税收风险分析取代了此前个人经验点对点分析，税收征管力度事实上在不断强化，税收征收率在不断提高。以前企业偷漏税可能不容易被发现，但近些年通过税收大数据，税务部门会收到企业风险提示，并跟企业确认，不少企业需要依法补缴税款。

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张志远